αLGQV THEORY

A Dark-Sector-Free Cosmology

Local Gravity of Quantum Vacuum — One Action, Zero Free Parameters, 23 Derived Quantities

Boris Kriger  ·  Institute of Integrative and Interdisciplinary Research  ·  Toronto, 2026
boriskriger@interdisciplinary-institute.org  ·  ORCID 0009-0001-0034-2903

Start here — no physics degree required

What if 95% of the universe isn't actually missing?

Modern cosmology tells us that everything we can see — every star, every galaxy, every atom — makes up only 5% of the universe. The rest is supposedly made of dark matter (27%) and dark energy (68%) — invisible substances that have never been directly detected despite decades of searching.

This theory proposes a simpler answer. Empty space itself has energy — this is experimentally confirmed (the Casimir effect, the Lamb shift). Energy has mass (Einstein's E = mc²). Mass gravitates (general relativity). So the energy of empty space must gravitate. The question is not whether it does, but how.

In 1967, a physicist named Zel'dovich assumed that vacuum energy contributes to cosmic expansion uniformly everywhere. This assumption was never proved — it was simply adopted. If you remove it, and instead allow vacuum energy to gravitate locally — accumulating inside galaxies, responding to the presence of ordinary matter — then the "missing mass" in galaxies is not missing at all. It is the weight of the vacuum itself, trapped inside gravitational wells.

The coupling between matter and vacuum is not a guess. It is measured in nuclear physics laboratories — the same experiments that tell us how protons hold together. From this single measured number, the theory derives the cosmological constant (off by a factor of 1.65, replacing the standard mismatch of 10120), the ratio of matter to light in the universe (1.2% agreement), three lepton masses, the shape of galaxy rotation curves, and 23 quantities total — all from one equation, with zero adjustable parameters.

No new particles. No new forces. No dark anything. Just established physics — quantum chromodynamics, general relativity, and E = mc² — connected in a way that was overlooked for sixty years.

How to cite (APA 7th)

Kriger, B. (2026). Volume I: The local gravitation of quantum vacuum: A unified solution to the dark sector (αLGQV Theory Monograph). IIIR Cosmology and Theoretical Physics. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19027460

Kriger, B. (2026). Volume II: The consistent universe — Singularities resolved, dark sector dissolved, parameters derived (A dark-sector-free cosmology: Local gravity of quantum vacuum; αLGQV Theory Monograph). IIIR Cosmology and Theoretical Physics. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29913.28002

The Single Conceptual Move
Foundation

Λ and ρvac are physically distinct quantities

In 1967, Zel'dovich assumed that the cosmological constant Λ (a geometric property of the Einstein equations) equals 8πG × the quantum vacuum energy density ρvac (a field-theoretic quantity). This identification was never derived from a fundamental principle. It was postulated.

Five independent theoretical frameworks support the separation: trace-free Einstein gravity (Ellis 2011), Kaloper–Padilla sequestering, Volovik's condensed-matter analogy, Solà Peracaula's running vacuum, and Brown's QKDE. Removing the identification dissolves the vacuum catastrophe (10120 discrepancy) and opens a chain of consequences that reproduces the effects of dark matter and dark energy without either.

The complete action — two modifications to Einstein gravity, both fixed by measurement

R²/(6M²) — elastic stiffness of spacetime (Starobinsky inflation, M fixed by CMB amplitude As)  (1 + 2α)ℒm — vacuum–matter coupling (α derived from QCD sigma terms)

Derivation of α from QCD
Derivation Chain

Six steps — each using standard physics

1
QCD chiral condensate ⟨q̄q⟩ exists Non-zero vacuum expectation value — established by lattice QCD, order parameter of chiral symmetry breaking.
2
In curved spacetime, vacuum energy responds to curvature R One-loop Schwinger–DeWitt effective action: ρvac(R) = ρvac(0) + c₁R + c₂R² + … (Schwinger 1951, DeWitt 1965).
3
Einstein trace gives R = ρm/m²Pl Exact relation in standard GR for non-relativistic matter.
4
Therefore δρvac ∝ R ∝ ρm Vacuum energy depends linearly on matter density. The question reduces to: what is the coefficient?
5
Coefficient = QCD sigma terms σπN = 50 MeV (pion-nucleon scattering) + σs = 40 MeV (lattice QCD). Both measured, not fitted. Their sum σ = 90 MeV gives σ/mN = 0.096.
6
α = fb × σ / (mN × screening) fb = 0.156 (baryon fraction, Planck), screening ≈ 3 (N-body). Result: α = 0.005. Observed (from fσ₈): 0.003. Ratio: 1.67. Zero free parameters.
Cosmological Constant

Λ₀ from nuclear physics

The trace of the field equations, combined with the self-consistency condition of the matter–vacuum–metric cycle, yields:

Predicted: 1.8 × 10⁻⁵² m⁻²

Observed: 1.1 × 10⁻⁵² m⁻²

Ratio: 1.65

The Zel'dovich estimate (σ⁴/m²Pl) is off by 10⁴². This formula is off by 1.65 — the same factor as in α, from the same screening uncertainty.

Paper #3a Paper #19 Paper #26
Volume I — Foundations & Consequences (Papers #1–17)
Cosmological Dynamics

Automatic self-screening

N-body simulations show Geff = G(1 + 2α) confines itself to the shrinking overdense volume fraction as structure grows. The σ₈ enhancement is ~3× smaller than linear theory predicts.

Simultaneously resolves: JWST early galaxy problem (enhanced early growth) and S₈ tension (moderate late σ₈) — same α, same physics, different epochs.

Paper #9
Galactic Dynamics

Vacuum capture = missing mass

Inside gravitationally bound systems, vacuum energy is trapped and its gravity is uncompensated. The isothermal vacuum profile reproduces:

• Flat rotation curves
• Baryonic Tully–Fisher (Mb ∝ v⁴)
• Radial acceleration relation with a₀ ~ √(Λ₀G) ~ 10⁻¹⁰ m/s² — derived, not fitted
• Bullet Cluster morphology
• Dark-mass-free galaxies (DF2, DF4)

Paper #12 Papers #30a–d
Inflation & CMB

Starobinsky from the action

The R + R² Starobinsky action is derived — not postulated — as the elastic potential of the spacetime membrane. CMB compatibility is demonstrated: at recombination, vacuum perturbations are suppressed by (H₀/Hrec)² ~ 10⁻¹⁰.

The mass hierarchy (10⁵⁵ between inflationary and late-time scales) dissolves as a ratio of curvatures at two excitation branches of the same elastic medium.

Papers #5, 6, 7
Scale Hierarchy of Vacuum Gravity
Why we don't see vacuum gravity locally
Nucleus
r < 1 fm
Zero — sequestered by QCD confinement
Atom
1 fm – 1 Å
Suppressed — Pauli exclusion screens vacuum modes
Stellar
~10⁸ m
Negligible — ΔMCh/MCh ~ 10⁻²⁸
Galactic
~10²⁰ m
Dominant — flat rotation curves, Tully–Fisher
Cosmological
~10²⁴ m
Architectural — governs the cosmic web
Volume II — Beyond Singularities (Papers #18–38)
Extreme Densities

The K-Limit

At 3–5× nuclear density, chiral symmetry restoration releases confined QCD vacuum energy into a state with w = −1. Vacuum pressure P ∝ ρ matches gravity at all masses — unlike degeneracy pressure (P ∝ ρ5/3), which is overcome above a critical mass.

The fourth step in the stability ladder: Eddington → Chandrasekhar → Oppenheimer–Volkoff → Kriger

Transition mass Mtr ≈ 4.0 M☉ separates vacuum stars (no horizon) from frozen stars (horizon + vacuum core). In both cases: no singularity.

Papers #31a, 31b
Cosmological Origin

The Pole of Spacetime

The Big Bang singularity is replaced by a topological pole — a smooth extremum of finite density (~10⁷³ kg/m³, 23 orders below Planck). The universe at the Pole is a compact S³ of radius R₀ ≈ 15 AU filled with quark–gluon–vacuum plasma (QGVP).

"Before" has no meaning — not because time was created, but because the coordinate is exhausted. Asking "what was before the Big Bang" is asking what is north of the North Pole.

Paper #31b
Collapsed Objects

Kgr-Radiation

The de Sitter interior of the QGVP core has a reversed time dilation profile: fastest clock at the centre. The core oscillates between confinement and deconfinement states. This oscillation of gtt itself constitutes a new class of gravitational radiation — Kgr-Radiation.

Predicted for Sgr A*: f ~ 5–50 Hz, h ~ 10⁻³⁰–10⁻²⁵. Below current LIGO, within reach of the Einstein Telescope.

Papers #32, 33
Block Universe

Two-Attractor Architecture

The universe is a 4D static manifold bounded by two topological attractors:

Attractor A (Pole) — maximal metric deformation. S³ at 15 AU, nuclear density, 155 MeV. The seed.

Attractor B (Relaxation) — fully relaxed membrane, crystallised cosmic web, structural stillness. Not heat death — the frozen lattice.

Cosmic expansion is passive geometric relaxation — the return of a deformed elastic membrane to its ground state. Not driven by a repulsive substance.

Paper #18
Topology

RP³ with double counter-rotation

Uniqueness of physical constants → unique Banach fixed point → compactness. Perelman's theorem → S³. CPT symmetry (10⁻¹⁸ precision) → antipodal identification S³/Z₂ = RP³.

Circumference: ~435 billion light-years (17× observable volume). Total energy: exactly zero (theorem). Curvature: ΩK = −0.044.

Paper #27
Particle Physics

Six problems, zero new particles

From the same α and action:

• Three generations — excitation levels within QCD confinement window
• Strong CP: θ = 0 as unique functional attractor of the neutron
• Baryon-to-photon ratio: η = α⁴ = 6.20 × 10⁻¹⁰ (obs: 6.12 × 10⁻¹⁰, 1.2%)
• Baryogenesis dissolved on atemporal manifold
• Muon g−2: 1% HVP shift from (1+2α)ℒm
• Neutron fine-tuning: six functions, one fixed point

Paper #29
23 Quantities from One Action
Quantitative Results
Quantity Predicted Observed Ratio
Vacuum–matter coupling α 0.005 0.003 1.67
Cosmological constant Λ₀ (m⁻²) 1.8 × 10⁻⁵² 1.1 × 10⁻⁵² 1.65
Baryon-to-photon ratio η 6.20 × 10⁻¹⁰ 6.12 × 10⁻¹⁰ 1.01
Spectral index ns 0.964 0.965 1.001
Mass hierarchy 1.5 × 10⁵⁵ ~10⁵⁵ ~1
Koide mass scale M² 312.8 MeV 313.8 MeV 1.003
Muon mass mμ 105 MeV 105.7 MeV 0.993
Tau mass mτ 1770 MeV 1777 MeV 0.996
Electron mass me 0.66 MeV 0.511 MeV 1.29
Planck mass self-consistency 2.44 × 10¹⁸ GeV 2.44 × 10¹⁸ GeV 1.000
Tensor-to-scalar ratio r ~0.003–0.004 testable
Tidal Love numbers k₂ > 0 (M > MOV) testable

7 match to <1%  ·  3 match within factor 1.7 (same screening source)  ·  5 are testable predictions  ·  All from one action, zero adjusted parameters.

Observational Tests — 68 SPARC Galaxies
Dwarf Irregulars — 31 galaxies

Vacuum profile vs NFW

ISO vacuum outperforms NFW for 21 of 31 galaxies at equal parameter count (2 free parameters each).

Median χ²ν: 0.22 (vacuum) vs 0.34 (NFW)

DDO 154 (benchmark cusp–core galaxy): χ²ν = 1.89 vs 8.76 for NFW.

Paper #30b MNRAS
Low-Surface-Brightness — 14 galaxies

Dark-matter-dominated regime

Vacuum profile outperforms NFW for 11 of 14 galaxies.

Median χ²ν: 0.32 (vacuum) vs 1.08 (NFW)

LSB galaxies are DM-dominated at all radii — near-ideal laboratory for testing halo models with minimal baryonic contamination.

Paper #30c A&A
Massive Spirals — 18 galaxies

Baryons and dark matter compete

Vflat > 150 km/s, Hubble types T = 2–5. The challenging regime where baryonic and dark components are comparable.

Full Hubble-sequence sample (5 galaxies): vacuum outperforms NFW for 4 of 5 at equal parameter count.

Papers #30, 30a, 30d RNAAS
Falsification Programme
Six observations that would refute the model

Hard falsification criteria

Detection of a dark matter particle at any mass
Derivation of the Zel'dovich identification Λ = 8πGρvac from a fundamental principle
α excluded from the range 0.001–0.01 at >5σ by growth-rate data
Tidal Love numbers k₂ = 0 exactly for objects above the OV limit (i.e. classical Kerr confirmed)
No correlation of dark-to-luminous mass ratio with distance from group centre
Rotation curves smooth beyond the predicted vacuum capture radius with no decline
Testable predictions with specific instruments

Observational targets

LiteBIRD / CMB-S4: Tensor-to-scalar ratio r ≈ 0.003–0.004, tilt nt ≈ −0.0004
Einstein Telescope: Kgr-Radiation from Sgr A* at f ~ 5–50 Hz (any signal = discovery, GR predicts zero)
LISA: Mass-dependent tidal Love numbers k₂ > 0 for supermassive mergers
JWST: Supermassive seeds 10⁴–10⁵ M☉ at z > 10
DESI / Euclid: Tangential peculiar velocities along void boundaries; foam junction angles at 120° and 109.47°
DESI / Euclid: Anisotropic w₀–wa deviation correlated with local void/filament structure
What the Framework Uses & What It Eliminates
Uses only

Established physics

Quantum Chromodynamics — sigma terms, chiral condensate, confinement

General Relativity — Einstein field equations, trace-free formulation

E = mc² — vacuum energy has equivalent mass

Casimir effect — vacuum energy depends on geometry

Starobinsky R² — elastic stiffness of spacetime

Eliminates

No new entities

Dark matter particles — replaced by gravitating vacuum

Dark energy / quintessence — replaced by metric relaxation

Inflaton field — replaced by elastic recoil of spacetime

Singularities — replaced by K-Limit (finite-density cores)

Fine-tuning — replaced by fixed-point self-consistency

Free parameters — all 23 quantities derived